Dec 6 Economy

مصدر مسؤول في المكتب التنفيذي بحلب لـ عكس السير: أزمة البنزين "نفسية" والغاز ارتفع انتاجه من 40 إلى 70 ألف أسطوانة
An official source in the Executive Office of Aleppo's reverse traffic: gasoline crisis "psychological" and gas production rose from 40 to 70 thousand cylinder
http://www.aksalser.com/index.php?page=view_news&id=84cab5afff8ac8af346d629984f07ae4&ar=731146832
Tuesday - December 6 - 2011 - 12:40:30

An official source in the Executive Office in the province of Aleppo's unlike Sir gasoline crisis is taking place in gas stations in Aleppo is the crisis of "psychological" and after the delayed allocation of gasoline tanks, two days ago, prompting drivers to attack the stations to fill up their tanks.

The source added that gasoline is available in gas stations are inadequate and not a problem in the morning until evening, much the crisis until the arrival of assigned amounts of the substance to the 40 gas stations dotted around the city of Aleppo.

The source pointed out that this week will see the stable on this issue, as well as the command for crisis fuel oil where there are currently 200 million liters are available in a crisis in this article.

With regard to the gas crisis pointed to the source, 1.0008 million gas cylinders are currently sufficient and everyone in the city was a reward for each cylinder gas produced from the workers, and the remains of the crisis we are witnessing acts by monopolists who make up the real crisis.

And Aleppo, since last Friday, plus a request for gasoline from gas stations caused a crisis in the city.

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العقوبات الاقتصادية حين تتحول إلى فرصة تنموية؟..النموذج الكوبي مثالاً
Economic sanctions, while turning to the development opportunity? .. Cuban model example
http://www.syriandays.com/?page=show_det&select_page=73&id=29186
http://backupurl.com/hgewbg
Tuesday 12/06/2011
09:22:17

Analysts agree that the economic sanctions imposed on Syria is a critical challenge may leave its negative effects on both the economic and social, but that in turn can be an opportunity for the revitalization of the production process and to promote human development and building the national economy on solid foundations like many countries for the sanctions that have been able to achieve economic and human development and economic characteristic.

In this context, Cuba is at the forefront of these countries, which defied the U.S. embargo for nearly five decades, since 1961 to now, and in spite of this economic blockade harsh, which coincided with the intense political pressure, Cuba has managed to upgrading human and economic development of its people.

Cuba before the embargo

In terms of geopolitics, is the territory of Cuba, which has an area of ​​about 60% of the area of ​​Syria, and slightly smaller than Pennsylvania, part of the back garden of the United States of America, is about 150 km from the coast of Florida, and is used under greed with the U.S. to the year 1898, while contributing to liberation from Spanish colonial settlement of occupied until the year 1902, which withdrew after it solidified the political system that serves their interests, and may rule on the rotation number of the leaders loyal to her and who are not their only serve U.S. interests.

And in 1959 Fidel Castro, with a small number of partisans, established a revolutionary government, abolished all the privileges and interests of America, and two years later the U.S. siege began against Cuba.

In economic terms, Cuba was the lack of industrial infrastructure and advanced agricultural, as it is the poor to natural resources, which depend on sugar cane and tobacco in addition to the few oil and gas resources.

In economic terms, Cuba lacks industrial infrastructure and advanced agricultural, as it is poor in natural resources, which depend on sugar cane and tobacco in addition to the few oil and gas resources.

From the social point was the social situation dire in all respects especially with regard to the spread of poverty and low educational level, where half the children were out of school, and the spread of illiteracy by 26%, as well as the low level of health as the number of deaths of infants 50 per thousand live births, In addition to the low electricity, sanitation and drinking water, given to focus the attention of governments to protect client interests and American investments in Cuba.

Cuba after fifty years of blockade

There is no doubt that the economic sanctions imposed on Cuba by the United States, led to the obstruction of economic activity, and contributed to the aggravation of many of the problems due to the inability to import many of the inputs and consumer goods, in addition to depriving the Cuban economy from export opportunities and funding which led to heavy losses, and had spoken of statistics for the loss of the Cuban economy some 975 billion dollars during the past fifty years, and a deficit in the number of housing up to 500 thousand homes, as well as the inability of the transport sector to ensure all the requirements, as well as for debt burden, especially with the former Soviet Union, amounting to about $ 27 billion, and these conditions have worsened after the start of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the socialist camp since 1991.

However, P is obvious to one of the achievements of Cuba's progress in human development, particularly in health and education, as occurred in the human development index is associated with, income of 0.895 points, and is thus one of the countries with high human development too, such as France and Spain, and has been able to access through its policies focus on upgrading human resources for the Cuban people, especially in terms of health, scientific, and these policies have led to important results, including, for example the elimination of the poverty and illiteracy and to achieve scientific progress significantly in genetic engineering, medicine, and today employs about 40 thousand doctors and medical technicians Kobe out of a cup, a according to an article published on the Internet for the world of politics Malaysian Chandra Muzaffar, under the title: "Cuba: A success story ".

In this context, also shown in Table (1) a comparison of statistics on the number of indicators of human development, to Cuba with Brazil, Ecuador, Chile, has been selected these countries but not limited to, where it is recognized over Cuba in many of these indicators on most developing countries .

Table (1): shows the number of indicators of human development and to Brazil, Ecuador, Chile and Cuba
(According to the latest available statistics reported)

Indicators Cuba Brazil Chile Ecuador
Unemployment rate 1.6% 6.7 14.1 22.6
Number of population under the poverty line, 0 26% 33.1% 11.5%
Health spending of the total GDP of 11.8% 9% 5% 8.2%
The maternal mortality rate (deaths per 100 thousand live births) 5358 14 026
Infant mortality (deaths per 1000 live births) 4.9 20.17 19.65 7.34
Life expectancy at birth (years) 77.7 72.53 75.73 77.7
Density of physicians (doctors per thousand population) 6.399 1.72 1.48 1.09
Density of hospital beds (beds per thousand people) 5.9 2.4 1.5 2.1
Education expenditure (% of GDP) 13% 4% 5.08%
Adult learners (% of population) 99.8% 88.6% 95.8% 91%
Expected years of schooling (years) 18 141 415
Source: U.S. websites

How did Cuba to reduce the effects of the economic blockade

There is no doubt that every State has special circumstances that require different mechanisms to deal with crises and emergency conditions as the economic blockade and others, has taken the Cuban government a number of strategies, policies and procedures that resulted in mitigation of the effects of the blockade and the release of creative energies of people and work to improve the citizens of Cuba?? Including:

1 Cuba has developed a comprehensive national strategy designed to maintain the basic resources for production and services, and in this framework have focused mainly on scientific development, especially with regard to agriculture and medicine, where allocated 10% of the gross domestic product for scientific research, and created dozens of institutes and research centers in all areas, especially areas of medical and genetic engineering, and opened more than 60 universities or branches of universities in each municipality where the number of municipalities to 169, in addition to the hundreds of other institutions of higher education, and now works in the field of scientific research about 87 thousand people, and in turn, Cuba became the source of labor expert, especially in the medical field, has also become universities destination for foreign students, where about 20 thousand foreign students of Medicine in Cuban universities, and graduating each year, about 3,000 Cuban doctors, and Cuba has produced 38 medical product and was able to produce vaccines for children locally, as known to the progress of ophthalmology.

2 Cuba developed a strategy aimed at providing basic social services free of charge to 100% for the population and with a high quality education and health services and social insurance.

3 Cuba has worked to reduce the impact of consumer culture, especially the consumption pattern of the U.S. in all its forms of advertising, and the lottery, and presentations (showbiz?), and gambling, and casinos, and fast food, and the buildings are modern, focusing on the conservation of architectural heritage, and dress, and food , and the traditional drink.

4 Cuba adopted fiscal policies that will maintain the national currency (the peso) and to secure hard currency, which was developed two currencies: pesos negotiable for conversion can be obtained by conversion of dollars to local currency and increase the value of the dollar value of a little used by tourists and the local peso is viable for conversion is used by Cuban citizens and low value of about 25 cents, so keep the basic needs of the citizen cheap.

Syria and the opportunity

Syria has many features that qualify for transfer of economic sanctions imposed on it by chance, P is a modern state with its institutions and organs, and has a dynamic and diversified economy, and has good infrastructure, as it has achieved good progress in the field of education, and health, and in various types of services provided for the citizen, except for its geographical location Featured Trading foreign relations and strong, so it requires them to overcome the effects of the economic blockade, on the external level:

Expand its relations outside the system's traditional trading partners (the European Union, Persian Gulf countries, Turkey, ..), and construction of commercial and economic relations with the new wider range of countries allied with or friendly or neutral .. And at the domestic level it is important to place the development of industrial production and agriculture and access to achieve greater integration between production links, thus contributing to the launch of the potential for the Syrian economy, by relying on the basis of sound management, and to benefit from the achievements of scientific research in an effective way, and here it must be pointed to the importance of developing policies for the upgrading of human resources and scientific and health services, better services offered to citizens, and achieve the greatest measure of justice in the distribution of income, to contribute to the image of upgrading the living standards of the Syrian citizen.

The most important sources:

U.S. websites such as Amazon and the location of CIA
Human Development Report 2010
Article: a success story of the writer Chandra Muzaffar, Malaysia
Article: Cuba is a different model of development in the Americas: challenges and expectations Dlmao by Angel Fernandez, Cuba's ambassador in Cairo